The Modern-Day Plague- Diabetes
Diabetes is a very common disease in the Western World which is increasing due to our bad lifestyles, i.e. over-eating, little or no exercise, and high fat diets leading to cholesterol and triglyceride problems; it is also made worse by a person’s age and genetic predisposition. It is a chronic disease which occurs either when not enough insulin is produced by the pancreas or if that insulin cannot be efficiently used by the body; the function of insulin is to convert sugar and starches into energy.
There are 2 types of diabetes:
-Diabetes Mellitus is the common form of diabetes, and sufferers of this tend to have hyperglycemia which is when the levels of blood glucose are excessive, i.e. over 110 mg/dl. It is often referred to as sugar diabetes.
-Diabetes Insipidus which occurs when the pituitary gland fails in its function of producing the hormone ADH which stands for antidiuretic hormone. ADH is responsible for controlling the amount of water that is re-absorbed by the kidneys and hence if less ADH is produced than normal then less water is reabsorbed and consequently more urine is produced and the patient may become constantly thirsty.
The Diabetes Insipidus can itself be broken down into 2 categories:
-Cranial Diabetes Insipidus where there is not enough ADH in the body due to damage or infection of the pituitary gland.
-Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus where there is enough ADH in the body but the kidneys fail to respond properly to the ADH. This can be caused by kidney damage or it could just be hereditary.
Major causes of diabetes are obesity and lack of exercise; regular exercise will help to control blood sugar levels and reduce the chance of cardiovascular diseases. People suffering from hypoglycaemia (low levels of blood sugar) may need to increase the blood sugar rapidly.
Insulin
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas in our bodies and its functions are to control the levels of glucose in the blood and to convert glucose to energy.
Sufferers of Type 1 diabetes cannot produce insulin at all and have to be given insulin injections. Sufferers of Type 2 diabetes are able to produce insulin, but their cells are unable to use it.
Sufferers of diabetes should only eat small quantities of high sugar or high fat foods and fruit juice is inadvisable as it is high in fruit sugar, i.e. fructose, which can cause a rapid increase in blood sugar levels. High blood sugar levels can cause cardiovascular problems, kidney problems, skin and foot problems and an unchecked diet and no medical care could lead to heart disease, strokes, kidney failure, blindness and gangrene which could lead on to amputations or even death.
Diabetic sufferers can usually do quite a lot to help themselves by controlling their diet, regular exercise and taking care of their bodies” any infections should be cleaned meticulously and regular bathing will help prevent many foot problems or skin inflammations from developing into something really nasty. Also they should be sure to take all medications prescribed by their GP.
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